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backend/src/main/java/com/zombie/game/template/TemplateManager.java

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+package com.zombie.game.template;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.util.*;
+
+/**
+ * 模板管理器
+ *
+ * 负责从 JSON 配置文件加载和管理所有游戏模板（僵尸、武器、玩家）。
+ * 单例模式，在服务器启动时加载一次。
+ */
+public class TemplateManager {
+    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TemplateManager.class);
+    private static TemplateManager instance;
+
+    private final Map<String, ZombieTemplate> zombieTemplates = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+    private final Map<String, WeaponTemplate> weaponTemplates = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+    private PlayerTemplate playerTemplate;
+
+    private TemplateManager() {
+        loadAll();
+    }
+
+    public static synchronized TemplateManager getInstance() {
+        if (instance == null) {
+            instance = new TemplateManager();
+        }
+        return instance;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 加载所有模板
+     */
+    private void loadAll() {
+        loadZombies();
+        loadWeapons();
+        loadPlayer();
+        logger.info("Templates loaded: {} zombies, {} weapons, 1 player base",
+            zombieTemplates.size(), weaponTemplates.size());
+    }
+
+    private void loadZombies() {
+        try (InputStream is = getClass().getResourceAsStream("/data/zombies.json")) {
+            ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
+            JsonNode root = mapper.readTree(is);
+            JsonNode types = root.get("types");
+            for (JsonNode node : types) {
+                ZombieTemplate t = new ZombieTemplate(
+                    node.get("id").asText(),
+                    node.get("name").asText(),
+                    (float) node.get("baseHealth").asDouble(),
+                    (float) node.get("baseSpeed").asDouble(),
+                    (float) node.get("damage").asDouble(),
+                    (float) node.get("attackRate").asDouble(),
+                    node.get("canRangedAttack").asBoolean(),
+                    (float) node.get("rangedRange").asDouble(),
+                    node.get("rangedDamage").asInt(),
+                    (float) node.get("rangedBulletSpeed").asDouble(),
+                    node.get("canSplit").asBoolean(),
+                    node.get("minSplit").asInt(),
+                    node.get("maxSplit").asInt(),
+                    (float) node.get("spawnWeight").asDouble()
+                );
+                zombieTemplates.put(t.getId(), t);
+            }
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to load zombie templates", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void loadWeapons() {
+        try (InputStream is = getClass().getResourceAsStream("/data/weapons.json")) {
+            ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
+            JsonNode root = mapper.readTree(is);
+            JsonNode types = root.get("types");
+            for (JsonNode node : types) {
+                WeaponTemplate t = new WeaponTemplate(
+                    node.get("id").asText(),
+                    node.get("name").asText(),
+                    node.get("damage").asInt(),
+                    node.get("fireRate").asLong(),
+                    node.get("pelletCount").asInt(),
+                    (float) node.get("spread").asDouble(),
+                    (float) node.get("bulletSpeed").asDouble(),
+                    (float) node.get("range").asDouble(),
+                    node.get("maxAmmo").asInt(),
+                    node.get("chargeable").asBoolean(),
+                    node.get("explosive").asBoolean(),
+                    (float) node.get("explosionRadius").asDouble()
+                );
+                weaponTemplates.put(t.getId(), t);
+            }
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to load weapon templates", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void loadPlayer() {
+        try (InputStream is = getClass().getResourceAsStream("/data/players.json")) {
+            ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
+            JsonNode root = mapper.readTree(is);
+            JsonNode base = root.get("base");
+            playerTemplate = new PlayerTemplate(
+                (float) base.get("speed").asDouble(),
+                (float) base.get("maxHealth").asDouble(),
+                (float) base.get("invulnerableTime").asDouble(),
+                (float) base.get("respawnTime").asDouble(),
+                (float) base.get("size").asDouble()
+            );
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to load player template", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public ZombieTemplate getZombieTemplate(String id) {
+        return zombieTemplates.get(id);
+    }
+
+    public Collection<ZombieTemplate> getAllZombieTemplates() {
+        return zombieTemplates.values();
+    }
+
+    public WeaponTemplate getWeaponTemplate(String id) {
+        return weaponTemplates.get(id);
+    }
+
+    public Collection<WeaponTemplate> getAllWeaponTemplates() {
+        return weaponTemplates.values();
+    }
+
+    public PlayerTemplate getPlayerTemplate() {
+        return playerTemplate;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取武器列表的索引位置
+     */
+    public int getWeaponIndex(String id) {
+        int idx = 0;
+        for (String key : weaponTemplates.keySet()) {
+            if (key.equals(id)) return idx;
+            idx++;
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 根据索引获取武器ID
+     */
+    public String getWeaponId(int index) {
+        int idx = 0;
+        for (String key : weaponTemplates.keySet()) {
+            if (idx == index) return key;
+            idx++;
+        }
+        return weaponTemplates.keySet().iterator().next();
+    }
+}